LiDAR technology has revolutionized the way we map and measure the world, offering unmatched precision, speed, and flexibility. But when it comes to choosing the right type of LiDAR for your project, you’ll often face one key decision:

Should you use Ground-Based LiDAR or Aerial LiDAR?

Both methods use the same underlying technology—laser light to measure distances—but they differ in how and where they’re deployed. Below, we break down the pros and cons of each to help you make the right choice for your needs.

What Is Ground-Based LiDAR?

Also known as terrestrial LiDAR, this system is typically mounted on a tripod, vehicle, or even handheld scanner. It’s used to scan objects or surfaces at ground level—ideal for detailed, localized work.

What Is Aerial LiDAR?

Aerial LiDAR is mounted on drones (UAVs), planes, or helicopters. It’s used for large-area scanning from above, sending laser pulses downward to capture terrain, vegetation, and structures.

Ground-Based LiDAR: Pros and Cons

✅ Pros

1. Extremely High Resolution

Ground-based scanners are often used for detailed 3D models of buildings, structures, roads, and even interiors. Perfect for engineering-grade accuracy.

2. Ideal for Close-Range Surveys

This method excels in short-distance applications where high precision is needed—think historic preservation, forensic investigation, or bridge inspections.

3. Less Affected by Flight Restrictions or Weather

You don’t need FAA approval, ideal flying conditions, or airspace clearance—just set up and scan.

4. Budget-Friendly for Small Areas

No need to hire drones or aircraft—great for smaller projects where aerial coverage isn’t necessary.

❌ Cons

1. Limited Coverage Area

Ground-based LiDAR takes longer to cover large areas, making it inefficient for projects that span many acres or kilometers.

2. Line-of-Sight Dependency

You can only scan what the sensor can “see.” Obstacles like trees, vehicles, or buildings can block data capture unless repositioned.

3. Labor-Intensive

More setup time, multiple scans from different positions, and frequent repositioning may be required to get full coverage.

Aerial LiDAR: Pros and Cons

✅ Pros

1. Covers Large Areas Quickly

Perfect for mapping hundreds of acres in a single flight. Ideal for infrastructure development, forestry, floodplain mapping, and mining.

2. Penetrates Vegetation

Multiple laser returns allow aerial LiDAR to “see” the ground through trees, making it superior for topographic surveys in forested areas.

3. Hard-to-Reach Terrain? No Problem

Hills, cliffs, marshes, and other difficult or dangerous terrain can be surveyed safely from the air, without setting foot on the ground.

4. Fast Deployment for Time-Critical Projects

Drones or manned aircraft can be dispatched quickly for emergency surveys, post-disaster mapping, or rapid planning.

❌ Cons

1. Lower Resolution Than Ground-Based Scans

From higher altitudes, laser point density decreases—so while good for general terrain, it lacks the fine detail needed for structural or interior scans.

2. Weather and Airspace Restrictions

Wind, rain, and low visibility can interfere with flight-based data collection. Plus, regulatory compliance (especially with drones) can cause delays.

3. Higher Cost for Small-Scale Projects

Deploying a drone or aircraft for a tiny site may not justify the cost, especially compared to a ground unit.

4. Requires Expertise to Operate and Process

Aerial LiDAR systems are more complex and often need certified operators and specialized post-processing software.

Final Thoughts

Choosing between Ground-Based and Aerial LiDAR comes down to project scale, budget, terrain, and resolution requirements. In many cases, the best solution might even be a hybrid approach—using aerial scans for topography and ground-based scans for high-detail areas.

LiDAR gives surveyors and engineers the ability to create incredibly accurate digital twins of the world. Picking the right tool for the job ensures your project gets done faster, safer, and more cost-effectively.